Items Defined

A-Lactalbumin

A major protein found in milk and obtained from whey. Whey protein and milks should be avoided

Acetic acid

Used in vinegar

B-Lactoglobulin

A major protein found in cow's milk and sheep's milk

Capsicum (green)

Green pepper - used in cooking

Capsicum (red)

Red pepper - often used in cooking.

Capsicum (yellow)

Yellow pepper - often used to flavor cooking.

Caraway

Seeds from a plant in the parsley family. Used in cooking/oils/seeds.

Cocoa

Cocoa powder made into a hot drink.

Coconut oil

An edible oil extracted from the coconut

Cod liver oil

Cod liver oil is a dietary supplement derived from liver of cod fish. As with most fish oils, it contains the omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.

E 100 Curcumin

Food color, whose color ranges from yellow to red, depending on pH (acidity).

E 101 Riboflavin (Vit. 82)

Yellow food coloring. Used in various products.

E 102 Tartrazine

Yellow food coloring.

E 104 Quinoline yellow

A synthetic 'coal tar' dye varying in color between a dull yellow and greenish-yellow. Found in ices, scotch eggs, and smoked haddock.

E 110 Sunset yellow FCF.

A synthetic 'coal tar' and yellow dye used in fermented foods which must be heat treated. Orange squash, orange jelly, marzipan, Swiss roll, apricot jam, citrus marmalade, lemon curd.

E 1105 Lysozyme

Preservative: it degrades the cell wall of bacteria. Lysozyme acts as a natural preservative. Used to prevent spoilage of food by inhibiting or preventing the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. It is mainly used in the cheese industry in the maturation of European cheeses, by preventing the growth of Clostridium tyrobutyricum spores which cause butyric acid fermentation.

E 1200 Polydextrose

Thickening agent and filling agent. Binds water and protects against freeze damage.

E 122 Carmoisine

Red food color- in blancmange, marzipan, Swiss roll, jams and preserves, sweets, brown sauce, flavored yogurts, packet soups, jellies.

E 123 Amaranth

Food additive derived from the herbaceous plant

E 124 Ponceau 4R

Red food color.

E 127 Erythrosine

A cherry-pink/red synthetic coal tar dye found in cocktail glace and tinned cherries, canned fruit, sweets, dressed crab, salmon spread and packet trifle mix.

E 128 Rot 2 G

Red food color. Restricted use in confectionery and meat products.

E 129 Allura red AC

Red food color. Restricted use in confectionery and meat products.

E 131 Patent blue V

Blue food coloring.

E 132 Indigo Carmine

Blue food color.

E 133 Brilliant blue FCF

Blue food coloring. Ice cream and a few other food products, but mostly in cosmetics.

E 140 Chlorophylls and chlorophyllins

Green food color.

E 1404 Oxidierte starch

Thickening agent and stabilizer

E 1412 Di-starch phosphate (modified starch)

Food additives as a modified starch. These are not absorbed intact by the gut, but are significantly hydrolysed by intestinal enzymes and then fermented by intestinal microbiota.

E 1413 Phosphatised di-starch p. (modified starch)

Thickening agent in many products

E 1414 Acetylised di-starch phosphate (modified starch)

Thickening agent in many products

E 142 Green

A green synthetic coal tar dye found in desserts, gravy granules, ice cream, mint sauce, sweets, packet breadcrumb, cake mixes and tinned peas.

E 1420 Acetylised starch (modified starch)

Thickening agent in many products

E 1422 Acetylised di-starch adipate (modified starch)

Thickening agent in many products

E 1450 Starch sodium octenylsuccinate (modified starch)

Thickening agent in many products

E 150 Caramel

Brown to black color - found in brown foods.

E 150 b Sulphite lye Caramel

Brown to black in color. In brown bread, buns, chocolate, biscuits, brandy, chocolate flavored flour based confectionery, coatings, decorations, fillings and toppings, crisps, fish spreads, frozen desserts, pickles, sauces and dressings, cola drinks, sweets, vinegar, whisky.

E 150 c Ammoniac Caramel

Brown to black coloring - found in brown food items.

E 150 d Ammonium sulphite Caramel

Brown to black in color. Found in brown foods.

E 1505 Triethyl citrate

Flavor component in many products

E 151 Brilliant black BN, black PN

Used in decorations and coatings, desserts, fish paste, flavored milk drinks, ice cream, mustard, red fruit jams, sauces, savory snacks, soft drinks, soups, and sweets.

E 1518 Glycerine triacetate (Triacetin)

It is used as a solvent for flavors; it also has some anti-fungal activity.

E 153 Vegetable carbon

Black color. Many products, but limited use due to insolubility in water.

E 154 Brown FK

Brown food coloring. Restricted use - in some fish products.

E 160 a Carotene (mixed carotene, Beta-Carotene)

Dark red color flavor.

E 161 b Lutein

Yellow food coloring. Rarely used. If used only in soups and alcoholic beverages.

E 161 g Canthaxanthin

Orange food color. Slightly soluble in water. Widely used, also in tanning pills.

E 162 Beetroot red (betanin)

Widely used red food coloring.

E 163 Anthocyanins

Found in black cherry yogurt, dairy products, glace cherries, ice cream, jellies, pickles, soft drinks, tomato, carrot or vegetable soups and sweets.

E 170 Calcium carbonate

White color for surface coating; anti-caking agent, filling agent (pharmaceuticals), stabilizer in canned fruit.

E 171 Titanium dioxide

White color for surface coating, used to separate layers in products; whitening agent in toothpaste

E 172 Iron oxides, iron hydroxides

Can be found in cake and dessert mixes, meat paste, salmon, and shrimp paste.

E 173 Aluminium

As a food additive it is used solely for external decoration of sugar-coated flour confectionery, in cake decorations and to give a silvery finish to pills and tablets.

E 174 Silver

Silver grey color. Only used for surface coating. Rarely used.

E 175 Gold

Golden color. Only used for surface coating.

E 180 Lithol rubine

Red color. Only used for surface coating of cheese.

E 200 Sorbic acid

Found in candied peel, cider, dessert sauces, fillings and toppings, fermented milks, frozen pizzas.

E 202 Potassium sorbate, sorbic acid

It can be found in candied peel, cheese, cider, concentrated fruit juice, dessert sauces, dried apricots, fillings and toppings, fermented milks, frozen pizzas.

E 203 Calciumcorbat, sorbic acid

It can be found in candied peel, cheese, cider, concentrated fruit juice, dessert sauces, dried apricots, fillings and toppings, fermented milks, frozen pizzas, fruit salads, gelatin capsules, margarine, processed cheese spreads.

E 210 Benzoic acid

Can be found in beer, coffee essence, dessert sauces, soft drinks, flavoring syrups, fruit juice, pulp and puree, jam, margarine, marinated herring

E 211 Sodium benzoate, benzoic acid

Found in barbecue sauce, caviar, cheesecake mix, fruit pies, margarine, pickled cucumbers, pineapple juice, prawns, preserves, salad dressing, soya sauce, sweets, and table olives.

E 213 Calcium benzoate, benzoic acid

Used as a preservative, both antibacterial and antifungal. Can be found in concentrated pineapple juice.

E 214 Ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB-Ester)

Preservative found in soft drinks, condiments, baked goods, cheese, ice creams, alcoholic drinks, relishes, margarine, salad dressings, medicines, and other products.

E 215 Sodium ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB-Ester)

It is used as an antifungal preservative.

E 217 Sodiumpropyl-para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB-Ester)

Preservative

E 218 Methyl-para-hydroxbenzoate (PHB-Ester)

Preservative.

E 219 Sodium methyl-para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB-Ester)

Preservative.

E 220 Sulphur dioxide

Typically found in beers, soft drinks, dried fruit, juices, cordials, wine, vinegar, and potato products.

E 221 Sodium sulphite (Sulphur dioxide)

Used as a decontaminating agent in fresh orange juice, and during sugar refining.

E 222 Sodium hydrogen sulphite (Sulphur dioxide)

Preservative. May cause an allergic reaction in some people, especially asthmatics. Destroys vitamins B1 and E.

E 223 Sodium metabisulphite (Sulphur dioxide)

Preservative.

E 224 Potassium metabisulphite (Sulphur dioxide)

Preservative.

E 226 Calcium sulphite (Sulphur dioxide)

Preservative. May cause asthma. A gastric irritant. Destroys vitamins B and E.

E 227 Calcium hydrogen sulphite (Sulphur dioxide)

Preservative.

E 228 Potassium hydrogen sulphite (Sulphur dioxide)

Preservative.

E 233 Thiabendazole

Banned in some countries, it is typically applied to citrus fruits, apples, pears, potatoes, bananas, mushrooms, meat, and milk.

E 234 Nisin

Nisin is a natural antimicrobial agent, derived from controlled fermentation of the naturally occurring bacteria Streptococcus lactis, found in milk.

E 239 Hexamethylene-tetramine

Used as a preservative against fungi in food products such as Caviar, cheese, herring, and preserved fish.

E 242 Dimethyl dicarbonate

Used in wine, carbonated drinks and flavored waters.

E 249 Potassium nitrite

A color fixing and curing agent for meat.

E 250 Sodium nitrite

Used for curing(preserving) meat and fish products

E 251 Sodium nitrate

Sodium nitrate is a salt used extensively as a preservative and color fixative of processed meats

E 252 Potassium nitrate

Used in the preservation of meat products

E 260 Acetic acid

It can be found in beer, bread, cheese, chutney, horseradish cream, pickles, salad cream, brown sauce, fruit sauce, mint sauce, and jelly

E 261 Potassium acetate, salt of acetic acid

Typically found in such products as sauces and pickles.

E 262 Sodium acetate, salt of acetic acid

Typical use in food products include bouillons. Used as a preservative in liquorice, as a pickling agent and as a flavor-enhancing additive in meat and poultry. A frequent use is to impart a salt and vinegar flavor to potato crisps.

E 270 Lactic acid

Found in many different products.

E 280 Propionic acid

Commonly used in bread and flour products.

E 281 Sodium propionate, propionic acid

Typical products are flour products, where it is used as a mold inhibitor, and a means of reducing the yeast content of bread.

E 282 Calcium propionate, propionic acid

Typical products are flour products, where it is used as a mold inhibitor, and a means of reducing the yeast content of bread.

E 283 Potassium propionate, propionic acid

Typical products are flour products, where it is used as a mold inhibitor, and a means of reducing the yeast content of bread.

E 296 Malic acid

Typical products include non alcoholic beverages, chewing gum, gelatins, puddings, and fillings, hard and soft sweets, jams and jellies, processed fruits, and fruit juices.

E 297 Fumaric acid

Typical products include bread, fruit drinks, pie fillings, poultry, wine, jams, jelly.

E 300 Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

Ascorbic acid also known as Vitamin C, essential for growth, healthy teeth, gums, bones, skin, and blood vessels and aiding the absorption of iron, is found naturally in many fresh fruits and vegetables. Signs of deficiency - Easy bruising, dry skin, slow metabolism

E 301 Sodium L-ascorbate (Ascorbic acid)

Typical products include bread, fruit drinks, pie fillings, poultry, wine, jams, jelly.

E 302 Calcium L-ascorbate (Ascorbic acid)

Used as an antioxidant, color preservative and as a vitamin supplement. It can be found in bouillons, consommes, scotch eggs and other food products.

E 304 Ascorbyl palmitate/Ascorbyl stearate

It can be found in baby formula, chicken stock cubes, pork pies, sausages, scotch eggs, and tinned baby food.

E 306 Natural tocopherols (Vitamin E)

An antioxidant for polyunsaturated fatty acids in tissue fats and is used in meat pies, dessert toppings and vegetable oils as well as a vitamin supplement.

E 307 Alpha-tocopherol (Tocopherol)

An antioxidant and is used in pork pies and sausages as well as a vitamin supplement.

E 308 Gamma-tocopherol (Tocopherol)

An antioxidant for polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as a vitamin.

E 309 Delta-tocopherol (Tocopherol)

Found in most foods, it is abundant in, whole grain cereals, corn and cottonseed oils, egg yolks, meat, and milk.

E 310 Propyl gallate (Gallate)

Used in oils, margarine, lard, and salad dressings, sometimes used in packaging.

E 311 Octyl gallate (Gallate)

A food additive - Used in oils, margarine, lard, and salad dressings.

E 312 Dodecyl gallate (Gallate)

Used in oils and fats, margarine, soups.

E 315 lsoascorbic acid

Used in dairy-based drinks, processed cheeses, fat spreads, processed fruit, canned vegetables, cereals, sweeteners, vinegars, and mustards.

E 316 Sodium isoascorbate

An anti-oxident used in meats, poultry, and soft drinks.

E 320 Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)

Antioxidant in fats and fatty products to prevent rancidity.

E 321 Butylated hydroxytoluene

Used in vegetable oils, shortening, lard, fat, margarine, carbonated drinks, cheese spreads, chewing gum, ice cream, dry breakfast cereal.

E322 Lecithin (E322)

Emulsifier and stabilizer of water-oil/fat mixtures. Used to soften chocolate.

E 325 Sodium lactate (salts from lactic acid)

Found in cheese, confectionery, ice cream, fruit jellies, soups, canned fruits.

E 326 Potassium lactate (salts from lactic acid)

Found in cheese, confectionery, ice cream, fruit jellies, soups, canned fruits.

E 327 Calcium lactate (salts from lactic acid)

Can be found in cream, cheese, ice-cream, soup, baking powder.

E 330 Citric acid

Large concentrations are found in citrus fruits, kiwi, strawberries, and many other fruits. Enhances the activity of many antioxidants.

E 331 Monosodium citrate, Disodium, Trisodium.

Large concentrations are found in citrus fruits, kiwi, strawberries, and many other fruits.

E 332 Monopotassium citrate, Tripotassium.

Found in a wide range of products, especially for sodium-free (salt-free) products.

E 333 Monocalcium citrate, Dicalcium, Tricalcium.

Found in very few products, due to limited solubility.

E 334 tartaric acid (L+), tartaric acid

Found in many products, mainly confectionery, soft drinks, wine, and marmalade.

E 335 Monosodium tartrate, Disodium tartrate

In many products, mainly confectionery, marmalade and sausages.

E 336 Monopotassium tartrate, Dipotassium tartrate

Found in many products, mainly confectionery and bakery products.

E 337 Sodium potassium tartrate (salts from tartaric acid)

In many products, mainly meat and cheese products.

E 338 Orthophosphoric acid, Phosphoric acid

Found in many products, mainly cola, meat, and cheese products.

E 339 Monosodium phosphate, Disodium, Trisodium

Can help increase the activity of antioxidants.

E 340 Monopotassium phosphate.

It prevents desiccation and is used as an acid stabilizer in powder

E 341 Monocalcium phosphate, Dicalcium, Tricalcium.

In many different products, mainly bakery products.

E 350 Sodium malate, sodium hydrogen malate

This food additive is used as a buffer and flavoring in soft drinks, confectionery, and other foods

E 351 Potassium malate (salts from malic acid)

Potassium malate is used as a buffer and flavoring. Ice cream, fried products.

E 352 Calcium malate

Used as a thickener and flavoring. Found in Ice cream, fried products, marmalade, etc.

E 353 Metatartaric acid

Found in wine, fruit juices.

E 354 Calcium tartrate (salts from malic acid)

Found in fish and fruit preserves, seaweed products, pharmaceuticals.

E 355 Adipic acid

Used in mainly confectionery, marmalade and sausages.

E 356 Sodium adipate

Sodium salt of adipic acid, a natural acid present in beets and sugar cane 0uice).

E 357 Potassium adipate

Potassium salt of adipic acid, a natural acid present in beets and sugar cane 0uice).

E 363 Succinic acid

Natural acid, present in most fruits and vegetables.

E 380 Triammonium citrate (salts from citric acid)

Found in chocolate confectionery, cheese spreads.

E 401 Sodium alginate, Alginate

Thickening agent and stabilizer in many products

E 402 Potassium alginate, Alginate

Many different products, mainly for low-salt/sodium products.

E 403 Ammonium alginate, Alginate

Soft drinks, food colors, icings, etc.

E 404 Calcium alginate, Alginate

Ice cream and frozen bakery products.

E 405 Propylene glycol alginate, Alginate

Ice cream, confectionery, dressings, etc.

E 406 Agar

Thickening agent and stabilizer in many products

E 407 a Eucheuma algae, treated

A type of red seaweed. Can be used as a thickening agent in cosmetics and some foods.

E 407 Carrageenan

Thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in many different products

E 410 Locust bean gum, carob gum

Thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier.

E 412 Guar gum

Thickening agent in many products

E 414 Gum arabic

Additive used in soft drinks and gummy sweets such as marshmallow, M&M’s, and gumdrops.

E 415 Xanthan gum

Thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in many different products

E 417 Tara meal

Thickening agent in many products

E 418 Gellane

Dairy products, dressings, juices, etc.

E 420 Sorbit, Sorbit syrup

Many bakery and confectionery products.

E 421 Mannite

Anti-caking agent, low-calorie sweetener, bulking agent, etc.

E 422 Glycerine

Bakery and confectionery products.

E 432 Polyoxyethylene-sorbitan-monolaurate (Polysorbate 20)

Widely used as an emulsifier or solubilizer in a variety of foods including bakery products. Can be found in cosmetics also.

E 434 Polyoxyethylene-sorbitan-monopalmitate (Polysorbate 40)

Found in desserts, sugar confectionery.

E 435 Polyoxyethylene-sorbitan-monostearate (Polysorbate 60)

Various purposes such as to disperse flavors and colors, to make essential oils and vitamins soluble and to improve volume and texture in bakery products.

E 436 Polyoxyethylene-sorbitan-tristearate (Polysorbate 65)

It is commonly used in cake fillings, cake mixes, cakes, frozen custard, frozen desserts, ice cream, and cream substitutes for coffee.

E 440 Pectin, amidated pectin

Uses include confectionery, high-sugar jellies, jams, preserves, marmalades, and acid milk drinks.

E 442 Ammonium phosphatides

Found in cocoa and chocolate products. It is the emulsifier found in Cadbury's Dairy Milk chocolate.

E 444 Sucrose-acetate-isobutyrate

A synthetic compound derived from cane sugar.

E 445 Glycerine ester of root resin/colophonester

An emulsifier and stabilizer used in the soft drinks industry.

E 450 Diphosphate, Phosphate

Found in many different products. Various diphosphates are used as emulsifiers, stabilizers, acidity regulators, raising agents, sequestrant, sand water retention agents in food processing.

E 451 Triphosphate, Phosphate

Emulsifier found in numerous products.

E 452 Polyphosphate

In many products.

E 460 Cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose powder

Found in sauces, soups, breads, biscuits and cakes, frozen desserts, margarine, spreads, jams, chocolate, quick-setting deserts, and milk shakes.

E 461 Methylcellulose

Found in sterilized, pasteurized, and UHT cream, low-calorie cream and pasteurized low-fat cream, laxatives, sun creams and amongst other things, wallpaper paste.

E 463 Hydroxypropylcellulose

Found in sterilized, pasteurized, and UHT cream, low-calorie cream, and pasteurized low-fat cream

E 464 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Mainly used as a thickening agent in many different products.

E 465 Ethylmethylcellulose

In many different products

E 466 Carboxymethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl c

Used in drink flavorings, cordials, flavored toppings, breakfast cereals, snack bars, infant formula, frozen cakes, and many other products.

E470 Sodium, potassium and calcium salts

Used in cake mixes and oven ready chips.

E 471 Mono- and diglyceride

Found in many products.

E 472 a Acetic acid esters of mono and diglycerides

Improves aeration properties of high fat recipes and produces a stable foam in whipped products by collecting together the fat globules.

E 472 b Lactic acid esters of mono and diglycerides

Used as a stabilizer - Found in things such as mousse deserts, Trifle, and some yoghurts

E 472 c Citric acid esters of mono and diglycerides

Permitted for use in infant formula and follow-on milk and other foods for infants and young children.

E 472 d Tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides

Used in high fat bread, edible fats, whipped fats, and meat products.

E 472 e Mono-and diacetyltartaric acid esters

It is used in crusty breads, such as rye bread with a springy, chewy texture, as well as biscuits, coffee whiteners, ice cream, and salad dressings.

E 472 Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters

Found in processed bread and some other products.

E 473 Sucrose esters

Used to stabilize margarine, mayonnaise, soups, and dairy desserts. Modify swelled starch in noodles and baked goods.

E 474 Sucroglycerides

Used as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickener - found in many different products.

E 475 Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids

Extensively used in icings, toppings and cake mixes, ice cream, other desserts, bakery, and pastry products.

E 476 Polyglycerol polyricinoleate

Used in bakery products in cakes and whipped toppings as emulsifiers and aerating agents, soft drinks, ice-cream, and processed meats.

E 477 Propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids

Used in bakery products in cakes and whipped toppings as emulsifiers and aerating agents, soft drinks, ice-cream, and processed meats.

E 479 Thermo-oxidised soya oil

Found in margarine and similar fat emulsions for frying purposes.

E 481 Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate

Emulsifier and stabilizer. Found in bakery products, chewing gum, puddings, and gravy.

E 482 Calcium stearyol-2-lactylat

Used as a conditioner in dehydrated potatoes (instant mashed potatoes) and helps to prevent staleing in bread.

E 483 Stearyl tartrate

Used as a dough strengthening agent.

E 492 Sorbitan tristearate

Food additive found in many different products.

E 493 Sorbitan monolaurate

Found in many products.

E 494 Sorbitan mono-oleate

Emulsifier and stabilizer - found in numerous different products.

E 495 Sorbitan monopalmitate

Found in many products.

E 500 Sodium carbonate, Sodium hydrogen carbonate, Sodium sesquicarbonate

Produced from seawater or salt.  Also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda.

E 501 Potassium carbonate, Potassium hydrogen carbonate

a natural mineral in many different products

E 503 Ammonium carbonate, A.-hydrogen carbonate

Acidity regulators, alkali, and rising agents in many products

E 507 Hydrochloric acid

Acidity regulator Cheese, beer

E 508 Potassium chloride

Many salt-free/sodium-free/low-sodium products

E 509 Calcium chloride

Acidity regulator enhances firmness in fruits and vegetables, binds metals.

E 511 Magnesium chloride

Natural salt, part of sea salt and rock salt. Used in sterilizing vegetables

E 512 Tin II Chloride

Canned beans and asparagus

E 513 Sulphuric acid

Beer and cheese products

E 514 Sodium sulphate, Sodium hydrogen sulphate

Chewing gum, colours

E 515 Potassium sulphate, Potassium hydrogen sulphate

Beer, low-sodium products

E 517 Ammonium sulphate

Bakery and confectionary products

E 520 Aluminium sulphate

Beer, pickled vegetables, proteins.

E 521 Aluminium sodium sulphate

Flour, cheese, confectionary

E 522 Aluminium potassium sulphate

It is used as acid source in baking powder for bakery products, baked at high temperature also stabilizes colors

E 523 Aluminium ammonium sulphate

It is used as acid source in baking powder for bakery products, baked at high temperature also stabilizes colors.

E 524 Sodium hydroxide

Many products, including bakery products, cocoa products, coffee creamer, black olives

E 525 Potassium hydroxide

Bakery products, cocoa products, black olives, and the color annatto (E160b)

E 529 Calcium oxide

cocoa products, bakery products,

E 530 Magnesium oxide

Cocoa products, bakery products

E 535 Sodium ferrocyanide

A salt

E 538 Calcium ferrocyanide

Low-sodium salt

E 541 Sodium aluminium phosphate, acidic

bakery products, processed cheese

E 552 Calcium silicate

Many dry products

E 555 Aluminium Potassium silicate

Dry products, but hardly used.

E 556 Aluminium Calcium silicate

Dry products, but hardly used.

E 558 Bentonite

Main use is in cosmetics.

E 570 Stearic acid (fatty acids)

Chewing gum, butter aroma/flavor, bakery products. Also used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations.

E 574 Gluconic acid

Fruit juices, jelly-powder

E 577 Potassium gluconate

Pudding Powders, custard.

E 578 Calcium gluconate

Pudding powders, custard, canned vegetables, bakery products.

E 579 lron-11-gluconate

Olives, food supplements.

E 585 Iron-II-lactate

Iron supplement in Infant formula

E 620 Glutamic acid

Glutamic acid and glutamates have the specific umami taste and enhance many other flavors, thereby reducing the amounts of salt needed in a product.

E 621 Monosodium glutamate, Sodium glutamate

Flavor enhancer.

E 622 Monopotassium glutamate, Potassium glutamate

Present in all proteins. Free glutamates are present in high concentrations in ripened cheese, breast milk, tomatoes, and sardines.

E 623 Calcium diglutamate, Calciumglutamate

Calcium glutamate is mainly used in low salt (low sodium) products.

E 624 Monoammonium glutamate, Ammonium glutamate

Mainly used in low salt (low sodium) products.

E 625 Magnesium diglutamate, Magnesium glutamate

Hardly used, only in low sodium meat products.

E 626 Guanylic acid, Guanylate

Flavor enhancer used in many different products.

E 627 Sodium guanylate, Guanylate

Flavor enhancer used in many products.

E 628 Dipotassium guanylate, Guanylate

Used in many products, mainly in low-salt/sodium products.

E 629 Calcium guanylate, Guanylate

Used in many products, mainly in low-salt/sodium products.

E 630 lnosinic acid, lonisate

Flavor enhancer - enhance many other flavors, thereby reducing the amounts of salt or other flavor enhancers needed in a product.

E 631 Disodium ionisate, lonisate

It is used as a food additive and often found in instant noodles, potato chips, and a variety of other snacks.

E 632 Dipotassium ionisate, lonisate

Used in many products. Mainly used in low sodium/salt products.

E 633 Dicalcium ionisate

Used in many products. Mainly used in low sodium/salt products.

E 634 Calcium 5'-ribonucleotide

Used in many products. Mainly used in low sodium/salt products.

E 635 Disodium 5'-ribonucleotide

Used in many products. Mainly used in low sodium/salt products.

E 640 Glycine and its sodium salts

Mainly used for yeast in bread. Also used as a bread enhancer.

E 901 Bees wax, white and yellow

Coating, in chewing gum and part of honey flavour.

E 902 Candelilla wax

Used in chewing gum, confectionary

E 903 Carnauba wax

Used in chewing gum, confectionary, coffee, bakery products

E 904 Shellac

Used as a confectionery & fruit coating.

E 912 Montanic acid ester

Coating for citrus fruits.

E 927 Carbanide

Bread enhancer. Bleaching agent for flour. Not used often.

E 938 Argon

Natural gas found in canned products.

E 950 Acesulfame K, Acesulfame

Artificial sweetener.

E 951 Aspartame

Artificial sweetener.

E 952 Cyclamate, Cyclohexane sulphamide acid

Sodium cyclamate is an artificial sweetener.

E 953 lsomalt

Sweetener found in boiled sweets, toffee, lollipops, fudge, wafers, cough drops, throat lozenges, and a wide variety of other products.

E 954 Saccharin

Most widely used sugar substitute

E 959 Neohesperidin DC

Artificial sweetener

E 965 Maltite, Maltite syrup

Maltitol is a sugar alcohol (a polyol) used as a sugar substitute.

E 966 Lactite

Low-calorie sweetener.

E 967 Xylitol

Low-calorie sweetener.

Egg white

The clear, viscous substance surrounding the egg yolk. Turns white when cooked.

Egg yolk

The yellow part of an egg.

Evaporated milk

Milk that has been dehydrated

Fennel Fresh

Aromatic flavorful herb often used in cooking.

Flaxseed

Also known as linseed - used in oils and baking.

Gelatin

Gelatin has the E number E441, it is in almost every gummy confectionery and also items like marshmallow, ice cream and even low fat yogurt.

Honey

Sweet, sticky liquid made from nectar.

Hops

A stabilizing agent in Beer, also used in some deodorants, used in herbal remedies.

Karaya gum (E 416)

Thickening agent, stabiliser and emulsfiier.

Maize flour

Maize flour is the entire corn kernel milled into flour

Maple syrup

Maple syrup is a syrup usually made from the xylem sap of sugar maple, red maple, or black maple trees, although it can also be made from other maple species.

Molasses

Molasses, or black treacle, is a viscous by-product of refining sugarcane or sugar beets into sugar.

Olive Oil

A liquid fat obtained from olives.

Peppermint oil

An essential oil, known for giving a cool feel and calming effect on the body

Pumpkin Seed

The seed of a pumpkin.

Salt

A mineral commonly used for flavour

Sesame seed

Oil rich seeds from the sesame plant.

Soya

Includes all products made with the soya bean.

Sugar, Brown

Brown sugar is a sucrose sugar product with a distinctive brown color due to the presence of molasses.

Sugar, white

Sugar is the generalized name for sweet, short-chain, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food.

Sunflower oil

Oil extracted by pressing the seeds of a sunflower

Turmeric

Aromatic powder used in cooking.

Vanilla

Substance from vanilla pods, often used as flavouring.

Vinegar (clear)

Most common in American household.

Vinegar (malt)

Brown liquid often used for seasoning/ adding flavour to food.

Yeast

Type of fungus used in making alcohol and baking.